PIAS Lab @PIASLab

.@PIASLab director, @Soroush_Saghaf, recently lead a workshop on artificial intelligence, machine learning, and their implications for public policy Thank you to everyone who participated!

🚨 New research: Can LLMs be used for 𝐬𝐞𝐪𝐮𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐝𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧-𝐦𝐚𝐤𝐢𝐧𝐠 in complex, ambiguous environments? Our new paper — Large Language Models for Sequential Decision-Making: Improving In-Context Learning via Supervised Fine-Tuning — shows the answer is yes, and the gains are substantial. Most AI decision-making research assumes the world is fully observable and unambiguous. Real-world problems — especially in domains such as healthcare — are neither. Our framework fine-tunes a pretrained LLM (Llama-2-7B) on offline, oracle-labeled trajectories so it can tackle MDPs, POMDPs, and Ambiguous POMDPS (APOMDPs): settings with partial observability and model ambiguity. 💡 Key findings: → SFT slashes the optimality gap from 43% → 15% vs. random baselines in long-horizon MDPs → In partially observed and ambiguous environments, fine-tuned LLMs outperform ICL-only baselines and DPT by up to 15 percentage points → On the Darkroom navigation task, our model achieves ~95% of oracle performance → Robust to out-of-distribution conditions — strong generalization without retraining 📐 On the theory side, we interpret the fine-tuned attention mechanism as implicitly estimating optimal Q-functions, and derive an end-to-end suboptimality bound that cleanly separates in-context estimation error from training-length bias. This matters deeply for use in areas such as healthcare, where experimentation is costly or unethical and offline observational data are abundant. Our goal: give clinicians AI systems that reason under genuine uncertainty — not just clean textbook settings. Huge congratulations to my current and former lab members Minmin Zhang and @aghaei_sina on this work! 📄 Read the paper: arxiv.org/abs/2605.09009 #ArtificialIntelligence #MachineLearning #LLM #ReinforcementLearning #Healthcare #DecisionMaking #Research #Sequential

How can we make #AI impactful in #healthcare? Looking forward to this event hosted by @UICmedicine where I will be sharing some thoughts and answers.

PIAS Lab @PIASLab

4 weeks ago

Join @PIASLab director, @Soroush_Saghaf, for the May Virtual Seminar hosted by @UICmedicine AI.Health4All Making Al Impactful in Healthcare 📅 May 20, 2026 🕒 3–4 PM ET medicine.uic.edu/events/ai-heal…

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Will you be at the Annual @POM_Society Conference? @PIASLab member @JacobCJameson will be presenting his JMP with @Soroush_Saghaf on image batching in EDs 🩻🏥

Jacob Jameson 📊 @JacobCJameson

4 weeks ago

Excited to present my *job market paper* at the Annual @POM_Society Conference 2026 this Sunday morning! “The Impact of Batching Advanced Imaging Tests in Emergency Departments” Joint work w/ @Soroush_Saghaf, @robert_huckman, @nhodgsonem, and Joshua Baugh. 1/n🧵

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Join @PIASLab director, @Soroush_Saghaf, for the May Virtual Seminar hosted by @UICmedicine AI.Health4All Making Al Impactful in Healthcare 📅 May 20, 2026 🕒 3–4 PM ET medicine.uic.edu/events/ai-heal…

papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cf…

Work by @Mohammad_Zhale & @Soroush_Saghaf (@PIASLab) will be at @nberpubs AI in Healthcare conference (May 7–8, Cambridge) "Harmonizing Safety & Speed: A Human-Algorithm Approach to FDA Device Clearance" nber.org/conferences/ap…

“Let’s talk about data”📊 #Analytics #Sience (including #AI as one of its many branches) can help you improve the world and solve real-world problems. If you are interested, check out this short video and the book (Amazon: a.co/d/01AGVvdZ). 📺📺: youtube.com/shorts/MU9MS-W…

AI in healthcare needs to move beyond prediction → decision-making. @Soroush_Saghaf will share how causal AI + “centaur” models (human + algorithm) can improve clinical care at the CPA Speaker Series @UAlbertaBiz. 📅 Apr 10, 2026 🕙 10–11:30 AM 📍 BUS 4-06

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I’m very proud of my fantastic PhD student @JacobCJameson! Congratulations!

PIAS Lab @PIASLab

2 months ago

Congratulations to lab member @JacobCJameson for winning the People's Choice Award🏅for poster presentation at the IOE-ISyE-MS&E Rising Stars Workshop! 👏 @umichioe @GeorgiaTechISyE @StanfordEng

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Congratulations to lab member @JacobCJameson for winning the People's Choice Award🏅for poster presentation at the IOE-ISyE-MS&E Rising Stars Workshop! 👏 @umichioe @GeorgiaTechISyE @StanfordEng

I’m grateful for this exciting collaboration with @awscloud and @DanaFarber. @HarvardBizGov @harvard_data

PIAS Lab @PIASLab

2 months ago

🎥 New from @PIASLab & @harvard_data Designing a Multi-Modal LLM for Personalized Patient Care (@Soroush_Saghaf) This work explores how AI can move beyond prediction to support causal reasoning in clinical decision-making youtu.be/yutzdT6WtTQ?si…

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🎥 New from @PIASLab & @harvard_data Designing a Multi-Modal LLM for Personalized Patient Care (@Soroush_Saghaf) This work explores how AI can move beyond prediction to support causal reasoning in clinical decision-making youtu.be/yutzdT6WtTQ?si…

Coming up on Friday, get ready for the student-led AI Symposium at Harvard Kennedy School. Leaders from government, industry, and academia will gather to explore the future of #AI policy, governance, and innovation. Discover more here - hks-ai-symposium.com/#home

Did you know that @Arnold_Ventures has a standing RFP for causal research proposals related to crime and the criminal justice system? Send us your ideas! We aim to get you an answer fast (within 3 months). All we need from you is a 3-page LOI that describes the intervention you're testing and the research design you're using. (Link below.)

My thoughts on enhancing the impact of #healthcare #AI 👇

Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business & Government @HarvardBizGov

3 months ago

@HarvardBizGov affiliate @Soroush_Saghaf (@PIASLab) is a part of this recent SAN article that explores how #AI is revolutionizing health care in the U.S., but also asks can regulations keep pace to ensure better patient outcomes? Read more here - san.com/cc/move-fast-a…

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Glad to see our research being used in a U.S. Supreme Court filing in U.S. Food and Drug Administration v. Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine. 👇 @HarvardBizGov

PIAS Lab @PIASLab

3 months ago

Research from the @PIASLab is cited in @USSupremeCourt brief in @US_FDA v. Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine. The filing references work by @Soroush_Saghaf et al. (2022) on hospital closures and health system capacity. reproductiverights.org/wp-content/upl… Paper: link.springer.com/article/10.100…

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@HarvardBizGov affiliate @Soroush_Saghaf (@PIASLab) is a part of this recent SAN article that explores how #AI is revolutionizing health care in the U.S., but also asks can regulations keep pace to ensure better patient outcomes? Read more here - san.com/cc/move-fast-a…

Research from the @PIASLab is cited in @USSupremeCourt brief in @US_FDA v. Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine. The filing references work by @Soroush_Saghaf et al. (2022) on hospital closures and health system capacity. reproductiverights.org/wp-content/upl… Paper: link.springer.com/article/10.100…

New research from @alexgazmararian, @NateMJensen & @HarvardBizGov Affiliate @DustinTingley shows that while people near new clean energy projects notice the investments, they tend to credit state governors over the White House. Learn more about how political messaging shapes public perception of federal #climate actions: pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41746724/